Computers have undoubtedly changed the world we live in today, both at home and in professional life. They came to make it a lot easier!
These devices have evolved a lot and so it is worth talking about the evolution of computers and understanding how they came about.
Stages of the evolution of computers
Computers became very popular thanks to their home use, powered by Microsoft’s Apple operating systems, which combined graphics and text.
These systems have emerged to replace systems previously composed of text. From the 1990s onwards, they started integrating applications and became very important at work and at home.
Late 19th century
The evolution of computers began in the late nineteenth century, when Herman Hollerith developed a system of punch cards, which helped to work in censuses. This system was successful as the US government saved millions of dollars. It was therefore replicated and adopted in other countries from the 1950s.
Information processing was based on a combination of punched cards, a tab and punching machines. This system gave rise to the founding of the IBM company.
First calculators
From the 1930s, the first calculators emerged. In 1936 Alan Turing, known as the father of programming, created the concept of a universal machine capable of computerizing anything that was computable. Therefore, computing was based on Turing’s ideas.
During World War II, analog machines were replaced by digital ones. Later, the first mass-created computer created was the 1951 UNIVAC from Remington Rand.
Evolution of smaller computers
After UNIVAC, IBM developed another computer, betting on smaller, cheaper devices that became more popular.
In 1954, it launched Fortran, one of the first programming languages. The technology was being worked on so that processors could be improved in processing speed and increased data memory as well as smaller devices.
In the early 1970s, Intel and Texas Instruments launched microprocessors, paving the way for smaller, more powerful computers.
Emergence of PC’s and Mac’s
Until then, computers were mostly used by companies, universities and the government. Then came Personal Computers, PCs, in the late 1970s. In 1976, Apple released the Apple I computer and the following year the Apple II. That was when the first home computers came into being.
So the industry started to make big progress, thanks to Apple and Microsoft, which started selling the DOS operating system in 1984. That same year, Apple introduced the Macintosh, or Mac. This system already had graphics integration in the software. .
Later in the 1990s, computers gained immense popularity. They became common and necessary objects in many houses.
Windows 95 stands out for its massive use of computers, coupled with the development of the World Wide Web. Companies have begun to feel the need to improve their products / services, so computers have become their working tool.
In the early 2000s, Windows XP was released by Microsoft and OS X by Apple. Thanks to these systems that stand out in the evolution of computers, anyone could easily access multimedia tools, both at home and at work.
Mobile devices
The next phase is characterized by the increasing use of laptops. Then came smartphones and tablets, and Apple was the leader of the mobile with the presentation of the iPhone in 2007.
This device represented a huge change in technology, having influenced other companies. We can equate smartphones with small computers. When compared to newer portable computers, they are very light and thin and can be connected to the internet wherever there is a connection.